Knowledge Hub

Agentic & Enterprise AI

Understand the mechanism before adding autonomy. Follow a goal through model decisions, controlled tool execution and returned evidence; then study memory, approval, orchestration and diagnosis. Security and governance remain part of the design, not a final add-on.

Visual walkthrough

Follow the agent's data loop

Follow the agent's data loop. Context reaches the model; a proposal reaches the application; only an allowed tool executes. Its result becomes evidence for the next call. An answer or blocker ends the run deliberately.
Illustrative application flow, not live model activity or a required SDK sequence. The animation highlights the transfer being explained, not measured speed. It starts only when requested. Stop returns to the first still; step controls allow reading without motion. On a narrow screen, scroll the diagram horizontally; the same sequence is written below.Download GIF
  1. The goal becomes context. The application selects instructions, state and permitted tools. Stored history is not automatically part of this model call.
  2. The model receives the working context. It may propose a tool request or an answer. This proposal has not executed anything.
  3. The application checks before acting. Validate the proposed operation, arguments, scope and budget. A confident request does not create permission.
  4. Only allowed work reaches the tool. The tool runs under the application's controlled authority. Consequential writes can require a human approval first.
  5. The result returns as evidence. Record the observation or error against the tool request. Do not turn a timeout into an invented success.
  6. New evidence changes the next call. The application includes the result in a fresh model context. Another bounded decision can follow; the loop is not unlimited.
  7. Finish through an explicit outcome check. When a later proposal is an answer, check its evidence before returning. If blocked, denied or exhausted, stop and state the limitation.

Read the worked example and primary sources

From the agent loop to a working system

Start with the visual guide, inspect the individual mechanisms, then use the local course and risk references.

How agentic AI worksAgent Engineering

Follow a document assistant from a user goal through model decisions, authorised tools, observations and verification, with a visual agent loop.

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Tool callingAI

How a model asks for a function to be run, why the model never runs it, and where the boundary between a fluent request and an executed action actually sits.

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Agent memoryAI

Separate context, checkpoints, execution archives and long-term memory; design admission, retrieval, correction and deletion with source provenance.

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Agent harnessesAgent Engineering

An agent is a model plus a harness. What the harness is, the seven subsystems every one of them implements, and why the hardest parts are context, verification and the credential boundary.

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Human in the loopAgent Engineering

Pausing an agent for human approval: how interruption and checkpointing actually work, what persistence does not guarantee, and the evidence that approval gates decay into rubber stamps.

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Multi-agent orchestrationAgent Engineering

When to split agent work, how adaptive routing differs from adding workers, and what published research says about coordination failures, verification and cost.

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Diagnosing a failed agent runAgent Engineering

Separate model proposals, tool attempts and real outcomes; follow an uncertain write through a redacted trace and turn the failure into a regression test.

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Building Agents with LangChain and LangGraphLearning Paths

A runnable document-assistant course covering model interfaces, reducers, retrieval evaluation, bounded delegation and persistent approval, with an offline lab and an interactive state diagram.

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Excessive AgencyAI Security

OWASP LLM03:2026 - excessive functionality, permissions, and autonomy turn a misbehaving model into a damaging action. The controls that bound it.

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Supply ChainAI Security

OWASP LLM04:2026 - model artifacts, adapters, and conversion pipelines as attack surface, why signing is not safety, and the incidents that prove it.

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Unbounded ConsumptionAI Security

LLM06:2026 - cost asymmetry in LLM applications, and how denial of wallet, capacity exhaustion, and model extraction each need different controls.

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EU AI ActAI Governance

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 in detail - the four risk tiers, provider versus deployer duties, GPAI and systemic risk, phased dates and fine ceilings.

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Generative AI and the GDPRAI Governance

Where generative AI processes personal data, the lawful basis and DPIA analysis, erasure against model weights, and the Dutch DPA's deployment checks.

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Keep authority outside generated text. Tool access, document permissions, budgets and approval are application controls, not properties of a convincing model response. Continue toAI Security and AI Governance for the sourced control and regulatory material.